\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Database APIs}
  
  After this lecture, you should be able to:
  \begin{itemize}
    \item Explain the problem of \emph{impedance mismatch}.
  \medskip
    \item Be able to classify DB application interfaces:
      \begin{itemize}
        \item static, dynamic, object-relational mapping
      \end{itemize}
  \medskip
    \item Discuss advantages and disadvantages of an API in terms of object
      \emph{navigation} and complex \emph{query execution}.
  \medskip
    \item Understand object-relational mappings:
      \begin{itemize}
        \item \emph{Hibernate} for Java
        \item \emph{Entity Framework} for .NET
      \end{itemize}
      Relate these to the ANSI SPARC 3-layer model and the concepts
      of logical and physical data independence
  \medskip
    \item Explain advantages of \emph{LinQ} and how it relates to impedance mismatch.
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}