\begin{frame}{Bottom-up Parsing} \begin{goal}{} \emph{Bottom-up parsing} applies rules backwards, it tries to construct the starting variable $S$ from the input word. \end{goal} \pause\medskip \begin{block}{Cocke-Younger-Kasami algorithm (1965)} The \emph{CYK algorithm} is a bottom-up parsing technique for grammars in Chomsky normal form. \end{block} \end{frame}