\begin{frame}{Usefulness of Semantics} Assume we have a logic with syntax and semantics and with a \emph{soundness and completeness theorem}: \begin{talign} \aformi{1}, \ldots, \aformi{n} \derives \aform \;\;\;\;\Longleftrightarrow\;\;\; \aformi{1}, \ldots, \aformi{n} \satisfies \aform \end{talign} \pause \begin{goal}{} If we want to show \begin{equation}\label{eq:derives} \aformi{1}, \ldots, \aformi{n} \derives \aform \tag{\mbox{$\star$}} \end{equation}\pause{} but don't succeed despite best efforts. \pause\medskip We might want to \emph{change tactics}, and try to show: \begin{equation*} \aformi{1}, \ldots, \aformi{n} \satisfiesnot \aform \end{equation*} by a \alert{counter model} to $\aformi{1}, \ldots, \aformi{n} \satisfies \aform$. \pause\medskip If we succeed here, then \eqref{eq:derives} \alert{cannot} hold. \end{goal} \end{frame}