\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Introduction}

  \emph{Functional Dependencies (FDs)} 
  \begin{itemize}
    \item are a \emph{generalization of keys}
    \item central part of \emph{relational database design theory}
  \end{itemize}
  
  \begin{goal}{}
    This theory defines when a relation is in \emph{normal form}.
%     \\ \remark{(with respect to a given set of functional dependencies)}
  \end{goal}
  \smallskip
  \pause
    
  \begin{alertblock}{}
    Usually a sign of \emph{bad database design} 
    if a schema contains relations that \emph{violate the normal form}.\\
  \end{alertblock}
  If a normal form is violated
  \begin{itemize}
    \item data is stored \emph{redundantly} and
    \item information about different concepts is \emph{intermixed}
  \end{itemize}
  \pause

  \begin{exampleblock}{}
    \centerline{\tableCourses}
    \smallskip
      
    The phone number for each instructor is stored multiple times!\vspace{-.3ex}
  \end{exampleblock}
\end{frame}