\begin{frame} \frametitle{Introduction} \emph{Functional Dependencies (FDs)} \begin{itemize} \item are a \emph{generalization of keys} \item central part of \emph{relational database design theory} \end{itemize} \begin{goal}{} This theory defines when a relation is in \emph{normal form}. % \\ \remark{(with respect to a given set of functional dependencies)} \end{goal} \smallskip \pause \begin{alertblock}{} Usually a sign of \emph{bad database design} if a schema contains relations that \emph{violate the normal form}.\\ \end{alertblock} If a normal form is violated \begin{itemize} \item data is stored \emph{redundantly} and \item information about different concepts is \emph{intermixed} \end{itemize} \pause \begin{exampleblock}{} \centerline{\tableCourses} \smallskip The phone number for each instructor is stored multiple times!\vspace{-.3ex} \end{exampleblock} \end{frame}